
A hydrometer uses buoyancy to measure the specific weight of liquids (specific gravity). A hydrometer consists of a weighted bulb with a long, thin stem on top of the bulb. The hydrometer floats in liquids with densities within the measurement range of the hydrometer. For a floating object of any kind, equilibrium of forces requires that the buoyant force be equal to the weight of the object.
Hydrometer


